The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation

Vol. XIII. America. Part II.

Travel Narrative

Hakluyt, Richard

The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation

Project Gutenberg

Howe, Tonya

The German Spy

In familiar letters from Munster, Paderborn, Osnabrug, Minden, ... Written by a gentleman on his travels, ... with a prefatory account of these letters, and explanatory notes, by Thomas Lediard, Esq

First published in 1738, The German Spy is an English travel narrative writtnen in the epistolary form from the perspective of an English spy.  The work's preface serves as an attempt to convince the reader of the authenticity of the letters, a claim made by Thomas Lediard, owner of the letters, and supported by an unnamed English nobleman.  The letters date from the early 1700s, and orginate in various German towns, discussing such topics as the political climate of Germany,  the Duchy of Bremen, and the Principlaity of Verden after war with Sweden and Denmark, the plight of Jews who populate the poorhouses,  the development of Libertinism of Hamburg, and the decline of the economic dominance of the English in Germany.  The letters also recount personal interactions with important members of various German towns that have the appearance of both general interest and espionage.

Anonymous

London: Printed for J. Mechell and J. Bailey

1738

Norris, Benjamin

A voyage to Arabia the Happy

by the way of the eastern ocean, and the streights of the Red-Sea : perform'd by the French for the first time, A.D. 1708, 1709, 1710 : together with a particular relation of a journey from the port of Moka to the court of the king of Yemen, in the second expedition, A.D. 1711, 1712, 1713 : also, an account of the coffee-tree, and its fruit : likewise an historical treatise of the first use of coffee, and the progress it afterwards made both in Asia and Europe, how it was introduced into France, and whence it came to be so generally received at Paris.

Originally published in French under the title Voyage de l’Arabie Heureuse, La Roque’s travel narrative of his exploits in Arabia combines with a history of the coffee trade in this English translation of A Voyage to Arabia: the Happy. La Roque, a French traveler and journalist, kept a descriptive, detailed account of his travels to the East through a series of letters, and an account of the coffee plantations/ trade in Yemen. The first section of the text contains a series of letters documenting the voyage into Arabia, and the experiences of his travels there. La Roque describes the harbor, city, and people he encounters upon his arrival, documenting his visits to Moka and St. Malo. He also includes a letter regarding Sultan Mehemed Ben Beiny, and a treaty made between the Governor of Moka and the captains of the French vessels. The other parts of this text consist of an account of the coffee tree, its fruit, and a Historical Treatise of the first use of coffee. The last feature is an excellent index, which lists important components of the text alphabetically.

Marymount University’s Gomatos Collection contains a copy of this text as translated into English, published in London in 1726 for G. Strahan. It is a single volume, intact with copies of the detailed maps, drawings of the coffee tree, bean, and leaves that La Roque included in the original text.

London: Published for G. Strahan

1726

Sustko, Alyce

Book; 1v

English

Metallographia, or, An history of metals

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Pellentesque gravida risus at nunc commodo sollicitudin. Cras at nunc at nisi placerat ultrices non eget diam. Quisque placerat vulputate mauris a pellentesque. Fusce ac felis tellus. Vivamus id placerat lacus. Pellentesque ut neque mauris, sit amet ultricies felis. In eu metus cursus justo placerat vestibulum. Proin eget est dictum est placerat fermentum eget sed sem. Vestibulum mollis, magna non consectetur hendrerit, eros massa accumsan libero, et vehicula ipsum nisl ac enim. Mauris eu nibh nec tellus laoreet egestas. Integer placerat ligula et sem gravida non volutpat est faucibus. Cras et est quis ligula gravida egestas quis a nunc. Donec a augue in turpis lobortis eleifend sed non mauris. Quisque sagittis molestie commodo. Nulla euismod feugiat elementum. Phasellus tempor nulla at quam ultricies id cursus neque aliquet. Maecenas mattis justo vitae neque blandit fermentum. Maecenas dictum velit ac nisl auctor posuere dignissim ante volutpat. Vivamus vulputate pharetra justo, eu vehicula ligula sagittis in.

Nam dui metus, ultrices a sagittis laoreet, luctus eu erat. Nam bibendum lobortis sodales. Vivamus lobortis, arcu sit amet fermentum tempus, leo arcu porttitor dui, sed aliquet leo magna rhoncus purus. Quisque cursus, felis dignissim consectetur feugiat, mi augue tincidunt quam, ut ultrices neque sapien ac enim. Cras congue pharetra laoreet. Duis fermentum bibendum accumsan. Nulla facilisi. Nunc condimentum velit posuere enim interdum blandit. Etiam consectetur est et ante lacinia aliquam. Nam in elementum sapien. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Fusce semper diam sit amet dolor lobortis semper feugiat purus vulputate. Quisque egestas, sem quis tristique tempor, justo velit varius lorem, eu scelerisque neque felis at eros. Proin magna arcu, imperdiet a varius nec, varius eget massa. Ut porttitor lobortis erat non condimentum. In pharetra aliquet magna, vitae consectetur lacus mattis sed. Ut facilisis, nisi quis pulvinar commodo, arcu libero hendrerit risus, vel pretium augue ipsum a nisi. Proin eros quam, malesuada quis fermentum ut, laoreet ut sapien.

Donec quis massa non risus dapibus dignissim. Curabitur adipiscing, odio at porta laoreet, massa sem tincidunt dui, eget vehicula urna risus vel purus. Sed id massa nibh. Phasellus velit ligula, porta eget posuere et, posuere sit amet lorem. Suspendisse vel congue lectus. Proin suscipit vestibulum diam vel auctor. Vivamus fermentum, libero eget semper condimentum, tellus est dictum elit, sed mollis purus ante eget mauris. Mauris pellentesque, dolor porttitor ullamcorper tempor, ipsum eros pretium ipsum, congue scelerisque augue ante in sapien. Nam sed arcu purus, eget egestas metus. Donec id orci augue, sit amet consectetur enim. Duis convallis est justo. Aliquam lectus leo, vestibulum eu egestas eu, ultrices ac felis. Duis blandit suscipit est. Sed sed metus nec ligula ultricies cursus. Donec tincidunt sollicitudin vehicula. Phasellus sit amet nunc in tellus viverra ultrices. Vivamus dolor sem, pretium nec feugiat ac, sollicitudin id lectus.

Aliquam eleifend laoreet semper. Quisque mattis dictum purus in gravida. Suspendisse pretium justo ac nisi volutpat a varius lacus placerat. Morbi ornare lacus malesuada diam pharetra eu mattis lectus tempus. Duis rutrum augue in nulla pulvinar at consequat turpis porttitor. Mauris ac dictum elit. Donec in ligula lorem, vitae tincidunt tellus. Donec posuere risus vel tellus condimentum dapibus. Cras consectetur tempor quam non tempor. Mauris ullamcorper dolor in erat faucibus tristique. Curabitur tempor leo at mauris volutpat a porta ipsum feugiat.

Sed ut erat turpis, sit amet rhoncus nisi. Mauris at risus sit amet diam accumsan molestie et nec orci. Aliquam augue diam, viverra a scelerisque vitae, lacinia id massa. Quisque risus nisl, gravida vitae gravida vitae, porta nec enim. Etiam ligula dui, tempor in vehicula at, pulvinar non diam. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Pellentesque eget nisl enim. Phasellus risus justo, sagittis ac pharetra ut, ornare vitae eros. Donec egestas turpis ut mauris pharetra imperdiet. Etiam accumsan adipiscing mollis. Aliquam nec augue lectus.

London : Printed by A.C. for W. Kettiby

1671

Book, 388 p. ; 21 cm.

The Fable of the Bees

Published originally in 1714, Bernard Mandeville's Fable of the Bees is an important work of political, economic, and cultural satire. Subtitled “Private Vices, Publick Benefits,” The Fable of the Bees' central proposal is that private vices—greed, political hypocrisy, affectation, indulgence, lust, and other egotistical actions—are conditions of possiblity for public prosperity. Without the consideration of the self that these vices embody, apathy would reign, and progress would not occur. Instead of being signs of man's higher being, virtues like law, order, and morality are side effects, created as goods by those who seek to falsely imagine themselves beyond brutes. The Fable of the Bees consists in part of a prose commentary on an earlier philosophical satire in verse by Mandeville, entitled The Grumbling Hive, or Knaves Turn'd Honest (1705)—described in the preface as “a fix penny pamphlet” that was “foon after pyrated, [and] cried about the streets in a halfpenny sheet” (A2r). This poem was reprinted in the Fable.

Marymount University's Gomatos Collection contains a copy of the ninth edition, published in 1755 by the Edinburgh printers Gray and Peter--notorious pirates, they are discussed in Richard Scher's The Enlightenment and the Book: Scottish Authors and their Publishers in Eighteenth-Century Britain, Ireland and America. Unfortunately, the Marymount text is incomplete, containing only the first book of what was originally published as a two-volume work. Missing is the second volume, in which Mandeville discusses the necessity of the division of labor.

As it is not difficult to see, The Fable of the Bees was the subject of as much debate and criticism as piracy and purchase. Several scholars have taken up the central problematic of Mandeville's infamous text in literary, economic, political, and philosophical terms, and interested readers can learn more by examining the brief bibliography below.

Edition Information

9th ed., to which is added, "A vindication of the book from the aspersions contained in a presentment of the Grand Jury of Middlesex, and an abusive letter to the Lord C."

Vol. 2 has title: The fable of the bees, part II. Includes indexes. Imperfect: lacking vol. 2, containing six prose dialogues in which the author further amplified and defended his doctrines.

Further Reading

Clark, Henry C., ed. Commerce, Culture, and Liberty: Readings on Capitalism before Adam Smith. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2003.

Hjort, Anne Mette. "Mandeville's Ambivalent Modernity." MLN. 106.5 (Dec 1991): 951-966.

Mandell, Laura. "Bawds and Merchants: Engendering Capitalist Desires." ELH. 59.1 (Spring 1992): 107-123.

Edinburgh : Printed for W. Gray and W. Peter

1755

Howe, Tonya

Book, 2 v. ; 17 cm. Library has vol. 1 only.

English

The eight volumes of letters writ by a Turkish spy

Letters Writ by a Turkish Spy marks the beginning of the espionage narrative vogue of the late seventeenth century and early eighteenth century. Publication of the first volume sparked a wave of imitations, including Ned Ward’s The London Spy, or The Memoirs of John Baptiste de la Fontaine, Charles Gildon’s The Golden Spy, or A Political Journal of the British Nights Entertainment, and Captain Bland’s The Northern Atalantis, or York Spy (McBurney 915). This genre capitalized on the mystery and intrigue of the secret informant and on the “outsiders’” perspective on social and political scandals.

 

Of the complete eight English volumes (six volumes in the French text), Giovanni Paolo Marana is credited with uncontested authorship and original ownership of volume one. Authorship of the later volumes, however, has remained open for debate, as a result of the convoluted publication and copyright history. Volumes Two and Three were also published by Marana; however, he simultaneously ceded copyright to Claude Barbin, who apparently did not hold onto those rights for very long. The next French edition was not published by Barbin but rather Etienne Ducastin in 1689. Barbin likely sold the rights to Ducastin, but that does not explain the legality or authorization of the Amsterdam single-volume edition that was published in 1688. The Amsterdam edition contained all 102 previously published letters, but divided them into four sections; this division only added to the later confusion regarding the correct number of volumes (918-919). By 1693, ownership appeared to be in the hands of John Leake and Robert Midgley. Scholars argue the possibility that hack writer William Bradshaw authored the later volumes under the direction of Robert Midgley (922). Both men participated in the publishing process of the English editions and, therefore, have raised suspicions of deeper involvement than simply translating and/or editing the manuscripts.

 

Marymount University's Gomatos Collection includes a full set of eight English volumes. The set, however, appears to be mixed; Volume One contains “The twenty-third edition;” Volumes Two through Six and Volume Eight contain “The eleventh edition;” and Volume Seven reads “The twenty-sixth edition.” The ESTC notes that the twenty-third edition of Volume One is most often found with the eleventh edition of Volumes Two through Eight. All were published in 1741 and printed for G. Strahan, S. Ballard, J. Brotherton, W. Meadows, T. Cox, W. Hinchcliffe, J. Stag, J. Clark, S. Birt, D. Brown, T. Astley, S. Austen, J. Shockburgh, L. Gilliver, J. Hodges, E. Wicksteed, J. Oswald, J. Comyns, C. Bathurst, T. Fisher, J. Carter, and A. Wilde.

 

Letters Writ by a Turkish Spy maintains a buzz around the authorship debate and history of ownership. It also provides an interesting window into 17^th century cultural interaction by illustrating Parisian society and politics through “Arabian” eyes.

Edition Information

Note that frontispiece occurs before the single title page in the physical book.

Vol. 1 has both general and special t.-p.; v. 2-8 have special t.-p. only.

Special t.p. for v. 1 contains edition statement "The twenty-third edition." Title-pages for v. 2-6, and v. 8 have statement: "The eleventh edition." Vol. 7 has statement: "The twenty-sixth edition."

Authorities agree that the first part of the work, published in Paris 1684, was written by Marana. The remainder has been ascribed to different Englishmen, among them Dr. Robert Midgley and William Bradshaw. It is probable however that Midgley simply edited the English translation, made by Bradshaw, of the original Italian manuscript. cf. Gentleman’s magazine, 1840-41; also, Dict. nat. biog., v. 6, p. 185; v. 37, p. 366.

Further Reading

Aksan, Virginia H. “Is There a Turk in the Turkish Spy?” Eighteenth-Century Fiction 6.3 (Apr. 1994): 201-14.

Baktir, Hasan. “A Dialogic Enlightenment Perspective: Approach to the Ottoman and European Relations in Pseudo-Oriental Letters.” Turkish Studies 3.4 (Summer 2008): 193-211.

Ballaster, Ros. “The Eight Volumes of Letters Writ by a Turkish Spy (1687-1694).” Fables of the East: Selected Tales 1662-1785. Ed. Ros Ballaster. New York: Oxford UP, 2005. 207-210.

Howells, Robin. “The Secret Life: Marana’s Espion du Grand-Seigneur (1684-86).” French Studies: A Quarterly Review 53.2 (Apr. 1999): 153-66.

Kaiser, Thomas. “The Evil Empire? The Debate on Turkish Despotism in Eighteenth-Century French Political Culture.” The Journal of Modern History 72.1 (Mar. 2000): 6-34.

Lee, C.D. “The Authorship of Letters Writ by a Turkish Spy: The Oxford Connection.” Bodleian Library Record 18.4 (Oct. 2004): 333-64.

McBurney, William H. “The Authorship of the Turkish Spy.” PMLA 72.5 (Dec. 1957): 915-935.

Weitzman, Arthur J. Letters Writ by a Turkish Spy. New York: Columbia UP, 1970.

Marana, Giovanni Paolo, 1642-1693.
Midgley, Robert, 1655?-1723.
Bradshaw, William, fl. 1700.

London : Printed for G. Strahan

1741

Noble, Jessica

Howe, Tonya

Book; 8 v. : port. ; 18 cm.

The Dispensary; a poem in six canto's

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam mattis egestas lectus a egestas. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Praesent eu dolor lorem. Aliquam sagittis convallis malesuada. Nunc convallis pretium nulla eget vulputate. Cras ultrices metus ac leo commodo laoreet ultrices id neque. Etiam at diam tincidunt velit vestibulum ultrices. Cras dapibus, purus ut pulvinar volutpat, mauris nisi semper lacus, non cursus velit lectus iaculis risus. Nam sem nisl, sollicitudin vel viverra viverra, vestibulum eu elit. Sed laoreet erat at sem eleifend vitae venenatis libero ultricies.

 

Aliquam rutrum pharetra arcu id facilisis. Ut nec tincidunt nunc. Proin sed magna id tortor dignissim commodo. Quisque in porttitor mi. Ut tristique ornare bibendum. Mauris ornare lacus nisi. Suspendisse ut semper sem. Ut eros arcu, aliquam ac auctor eget, facilisis nec odio. In ut enim orci, eu facilisis quam. Pellentesque elementum, tortor quis placerat blandit, erat justo varius nunc, eget eleifend augue est vel diam. Vivamus eu elit justo, sit amet eleifend metus. Pellentesque ac enim at neque ornare tempus. Mauris sed tortor tortor. Morbi vitae nisi non tellus ultricies eleifend a varius augue. Sed eu laoreet ligula. Fusce egestas venenatis nibh vitae ornare. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Maecenas nec sapien eros, et tincidunt eros. Proin consequat faucibus sem eget eleifend.

 

Integer eu diam at diam elementum molestie semper vitae orci. Donec placerat ante eget nisi ornare lacinia. Donec pellentesque eleifend nulla, in dapibus ligula posuere vitae. Quisque libero velit, egestas quis consequat in, cursus non velit. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; In at eros in risus pharetra hendrerit. Etiam sit amet sagittis lorem. Nullam ullamcorper, lectus sed tincidunt consequat, magna ligula ornare nulla, eget pretium metus dolor ac mauris. Suspendisse vulputate lectus eu libero egestas lobortis. Pellentesque auctor semper elementum. Etiam erat augue, scelerisque eu fermentum eget, accumsan ac sapien. Duis nec ligula ut lectus aliquam bibendum. Sed porttitor commodo nunc, nec rhoncus purus tristique hendrerit. Nullam pharetra dui nec magna semper in rhoncus dui vestibulum.

 

Quisque vitae quam in sapien euismod vestibulum. In molestie nisi id mi dapibus facilisis. Sed mollis facilisis arcu, vel convallis ligula interdum eu. Sed accumsan magna vel libero vulputate vel adipiscing diam vestibulum. Nullam ut lorem eros. Nunc mattis bibendum lacus eget suscipit. Pellentesque tempus, sapien vel sollicitudin dapibus, dolor neque euismod sapien, sed varius dolor quam et tellus. Curabitur pharetra purus et metus vehicula non facilisis est interdum. Proin ultricies, lacus at venenatis accumsan, ipsum ipsum dictum massa, ac convallis enim dolor eget lacus. Cras porttitor, dolor vitae consequat molestie, erat mauris consectetur felis, ac rhoncus felis massa a sapien. Donec malesuada pellentesque arcu sit amet porta. Nunc ipsum lorem, vulputate a porta in, venenatis quis ante. Cras ac turpis lorem, in sodales urna. Aenean quis sem orci.

 

5th Edition. A satire, attributed to Samuel Garth, on the opponents of the dispensary organized by the Royal College of Physicians. With: Poems, (&c.) on several occasions : with Valentinian, a tragedy / written by the Right Honourable John late Earl of Rochester. London : Printed for Jacob Tonson, 1696.

London : Printed and sold by John Nutt

1703

Book, 96 p., [1] leaf of plates : ill. ; 19 cm.

Dialogues of the Dead

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Praesent tristique, sapien a vulputate commodo, arcu massa sollicitudin sapien, a cursus lorem lacus eget lorem. Sed volutpat risus a dui vulputate eu tempor magna rhoncus. Quisque et magna erat, sed mattis ligula. Phasellus pellentesque, tortor at ultricies consectetur, felis tortor venenatis dui, vel eleifend sem mi nec nisi. Vivamus augue ipsum, rhoncus eget viverra mattis, gravida nec enim. Maecenas vulputate, est quis aliquam euismod, diam metus molestie magna, sagittis lacinia lacus lorem ut turpis. Etiam justo magna, tempor ut egestas ut, aliquet sit amet ante. Phasellus venenatis gravida tortor, at fermentum urna tincidunt tempus.

 

Morbi odio massa, suscipit et venenatis sed, posuere id odio. Suspendisse ultrices condimentum ultricies. Aliquam ac eros mauris, vitae convallis nunc. Nulla blandit egestas erat non varius. Sed a sapien ac urna elementum dictum vitae at purus. Ut dapibus, lorem dictum placerat adipiscing, nisl elit pellentesque sem, eget hendrerit justo massa ac metus. Aenean tincidunt massa et lacus facilisis rhoncus. Cras eros odio, hendrerit at rutrum bibendum, egestas nec tortor. Aenean imperdiet mi elementum lectus vehicula laoreet. Nam ipsum turpis, malesuada sed lobortis vitae, sagittis a eros. Nunc dignissim congue nisl et accumsan. Morbi in metus ipsum. Phasellus ultricies dictum enim vitae imperdiet. Nullam vitae est lectus.

 

Nam lectus enim, imperdiet vel consectetur ut, vehicula a massa. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Duis eleifend tincidunt nunc, et vulputate ligula varius et. Sed ac augue diam, ut posuere justo. Morbi cursus dui quis nisl vulputate sit amet mattis ipsum sagittis. Etiam leo eros, congue eu tincidunt et, viverra et turpis. Fusce non adipiscing massa. Nam semper ante id lectus semper sit amet semper purus accumsan. Donec eu sapien vitae turpis mattis lobortis laoreet quis neque. Curabitur rutrum aliquam ipsum, vitae tincidunt nibh rutrum sit amet. Nullam vitae urna velit. Mauris urna augue, imperdiet eget mattis ut, tristique ut est. Fusce elementum iaculis magna ac imperdiet. Etiam venenatis dignissim quam, quis iaculis velit euismod et. Sed aliquet gravida ante sed dignissim. Phasellus consectetur scelerisque libero eu commodo.

 

 

4th ed., corr., to which are added four new dialogues. Dialogues XXVI-XXVIII are "by another hand" i.e., Elizabeth Montagu.

London: Printed for W. Sandby

1765

Book, xv, 406 p. ; 21 cm.